ZOONOTIC DISEASES

Did you know that there are diseases that spread from animals to humans? These are called zoonotic diseases.

Zoonotic diseases are diseases that spread from animals (such as cows, goats, pigs and chickens) to humans and vice versa. These diseases are caused by disease causing agent such as Viruses, Bacteria, Fungi and Protozoa.

According to the World Health Organization, it is estimated that 1 billion cases of diseases and deaths that occur every year are caused by zoonotic diseases, and 60% of some newly emerging diseases are caused by zoonotic diseases.

Zoonotic diseases spread from animals to humans in various ways such as:

Direct transmission from animal to human
Consumption of animal products such as Milk, Eggs and Meat
Through the environment example: Water and Soil
Through vectors: insects such as wasps and fleas

There are many diseases that spread from animals to humans and each one has its effects on humans. These are some of the dangerous zoonotic diseases:

1	Anthrax	DISEASE CAUSING AGENT Bacteria AFFECTED ANIMALS Cattle, Goat and Sheep DISEASE IN ANIMAL Cause sudden death, Fever and blood may be present around the nose, mouth and anus of carcasses HOW IT TRANSMITTED TO HUMAN Direct contact with the carcasses or an animal that had anthrax DISEASE IN HUMAN Cause fever, diarrhea, headache and death. HOW TO AVOID Avoid contact with animal died with Anthrax
2	Rabies	DISEASE CAUSING AGENT Virus AFFECTED ANIMALS Dogs, Cats, Horses, Pigs and Cattle DISEASE IN ANIMAL Cause Fever, Headache, Excess salvation, Paralysis and Mental confusion HOW IT TRANSMITTED TO HUMAN Bitten by a dog with rabies DISEASE IN HUMAN Cause Fever, paralysis, fear of water (hydrophobia) HOW TO AVOID Vaccinate the dog, also avoid dogs if you are not sure their have been vaccinated
3	Brucellosis	DISEASE CAUSING AGENT Bacteria AFFECTED ANIMALS Cattle, Goat, Sheep and Pigs DISEASE IN ANIMAL Cause Abortion in animal, and leads to low production and fertility HOW IT TRANSMITTED TO HUMAN Drinking milk that is not well boiled, also coming into contact with sick animals DISEASE IN HUMAN It causes intermittent fever, exhaustion, headache and abdominal pain HOW TO AVOID Boiling milk well before drinking, also avoiding contact with animals that are sick
4	Tuberculosis (TB)	DISEASE CAUSING AGENT Bacteria AFFECTED ANIMALS Cattle and Goat DISEASE IN ANIMAL Cause fever, coughing, animal loose weight and becomes week HOW IT TRANSMITTED TO HUMAN Drinking milk that is not boiled properly, Also from one person to another through the air when he/she coughs or sneezes. DISEASE IN HUMAN It causes chronic cough and coughing up blood, fever, night sweats and emaciation HOW TO AVOID Boil milk well before drinking
5	Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza	DISEASE CAUSING AGENT Virus AFFECTED ANIMALS All Birds: Chicken, Duck, Goose etc. DISEASE IN ANIMAL Causes sudden death, difficulty breathing, coughing and sneezing HOW IT TRANSMITTED TO HUMAN Contact with sick birds (direct contact) DISEASE IN HUMAN It causes difficulty breathing, coughing, vomiting, high fever and sore throat HOW TO AVOID Avoid direct contact with birds that have symptoms of illness

HOW TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF ZOONOSIA DISEASES IN GENERAL

Wash your hands every time you go out to handle an animal
Look closely and carefully at the health of the animal and give him treatment when you see any signs of illness
Take precautions when handling the animal, such as wearing protective clothing and gloves.
Really like to monitor the safety of food, such as drinking well-boiled milk, not eating the meat of an animal that was sick, and cook meat at the required temperature
Also, take good care of personal hygiene, such as washing your clothes with soap and clean water every time you care for animals.

THESE ARE SOME PICTURES THAT SHOW ZOONOSIS DISEASES FOR ANIMALS AND HUMANS.